When relativistic electron which moving near the speed of light do curve movement and change direction under the magnetic field, its energy loss will emit along the tangential direction in the form of electromagnetic radiation.当相对光速运动的相对论电子在磁场下弯曲运动并改变方向时，其能量损耗将以电磁辐射的形式沿切线方向发射。 This radiation was firstly discovered by synchrotron of GM on 1947 and named synchrotron radiation.这种辐射最早是由GM的同步加速器于XNUMX年发现的，并被称为同步加速器辐射。 Scientists found synchrotron light has many excellent performances which conventional light source cannot be compared, includes the wide spectrum, high brightness and polarization.科学家发现同步加速器光具有许多传统光源无法比拟的出色性能，包括广谱，高亮度和偏振光。 These performances bring the broad prospect for scientific and application research.这些性能为科学研究和应用研究带来了广阔的前景。 Almost all high energy electron accelerators have constructed synchrotron radiation station and experimental apparatus.几乎所有高能电子加速器都构造了同步辐射站和实验装置。 As a core component, undulator magnets were also participated in the development process of synchrotron radiation.作为核心组件，起伏器磁体也参与了同步加速器辐射的开发过程。
Undulator is one of the key equipment of the third-generation synchrotron light source and free electron laser device.波动器是第三代同步加速器光源和自由电子激光装置的关键设备之一。 Permanent magnet vacuum undulator occupies a fairly large proportion in numerous permanent magnet undulators.永磁真空波荡器在众多永磁波荡器中占据相当大的比例。 Undulator magnets are regarded as the heart of vacuum undulator.起伏器磁铁被认为是真空起伏器的心脏。 Its comprehensive magnetic characteristics have significant influence on the peak value, distribution and stability of the magnetic field.它的综合磁特性对磁场的峰值，分布和稳定性有重要影响。 Both都 钐钴磁铁 and Neodymium magnets are utilized as the undulator magnets.钕磁铁用作起伏器磁铁。 In order to adapt strong electromagnetic radiation environment, Samarium Cobalt magnet was the top choice in the early undulator, then high-performance Neodymium magnet dramatically enhanced the peak value and quality of vacuum undulator.为了适应强电磁辐射环境，Sa钴磁石是早期波荡器的首选，然后高性能钕磁铁大大提高了真空波荡器的峰值和质量。 Cryogenic permanent magnet undulator has become the research focus of international synchrotron radiation area, thus低温永磁起伏器已成为国际同步加速器辐射领域的研究重点，因此 磁铁 替代 钕磁铁 在低温下具有自旋重取向转变。
